Negotiating a Salary Increase Free Essays

Many factors outside of the employees control determine salary increases. Many reputable companies give employees handbooks that vaguely outline pay increases. In an uncertain economy, salary negotiations require preparation and keeping accurate records on the employee’s part. We will write a custom essay sample on Negotiating a Salary Increase or any similar topic only for you Order Now The key to successful salary increase is to convince the employer that the company cannot afford to do without the services the person who is asking for a pay raise is providing. Remember the person is always replaceable. The services that person provides should not be easily replaceable. The negotiation for a salary increase starts the first day the person starts working the company. Every employee should bring at least one unique contribution to the company that he or she works for. The strategy of these contributions should never be discussed with anyone. Unique contributions always stand out. No one can hide an excellent sales person or customer service representative at any level. Employees who have unique marketable skills cannot be easily copied. Having skills that are an asset to the company eliminates the human resources viable reasons for not giving the employee the salary increase. Appearance plays a big psychological part in negotiating salary increases. Upper management companies always expect their staff to dress professionally. In entry level positions, the employee’s salary can be determined by dressing better then what is expected. If uniforms are required, dressing up will take a little creativity. Ladies can wear extra jewelry. Gentlemen can go through the extra expense of having their uniforms dry cleaned. In business type atmospheres, manicures for both men and women to psychologically give the impression they are valuable to the company.   On the day of salary negotiations and evaluations, dressing better then usual is psychologically effective. Have an exclusive shoe wardrobe. When it gets to salary negotiations, never volunteer your salary requirements (Goodman 2002). When filling out the job application or submitting a resume, the applicant should never list an amount for salary. On the day of salary negotiations, the human resources know what the employee will accept. Salaries are dependent upon the employees past work history. This is all verifiable by social security numbers. It is to the employee’s advantage to do a background check to verify the information in their records is accurate. If the information the applicant is putting in writing conflicts with what is in the databases, he or she will never be told. Even if the information comes out to be inaccurate, the management already formed a permanent opinion. Be selective about the company. The financial investors and presidents are uncertain about the future financial status of the company. Do some research to determine what others are earning (Lloyd, no date given). Doing research will be well worth the time when negotiating salaries. Psychologically, an employee feels much more confident when the day comes to negotiate salaries if they feel they are prepared.   The employee should keep an accurate, detailed list of all the accomplishments that was valuable to the company. Remember that salary negotiations start way before the day the arrangements are made. Keep a professional, formal relationship with the management and co-workers. It is a good policy to never have conversations that includes anyone who is not present. The most successful negotiators will feel a lot more confident if they have a plan to compete with the organization or business if turned down for deserved pay raises. Works Cited: Goodman, P. â€Å"Landing a Plump Package in Tough Times† Business Week, com 4 Feb 2002 Lloyd, J â€Å"How to Negotiate the Salary You Deserve† Labour Protect.com No date given                How to cite Negotiating a Salary Increase, Essay examples

Nursing Family and Children Nursing

Questions: Using the case study assessment template: Identify two immediate and important nursing priorities for every child and infant Provide a rationale for the two nursing priorities for every child and infant Explain the planned nursing interventions for these priorities for every child and infant o Explain planned approaches to nursing care that consider the development of the infants and children .1)patient name ;- Antonio Valencia age ;- 4 month old boy diagnosis ;- viral pneumonia history ;- increasing difficulties of feeding i last 2 days . current observation ;-Heart rate ;- 168 /min , respiration ;- 35/m AND USE OF abdominal muscle T ,;- 38;C , o2 ;- required by hudson mask breast feeding on demand his mother staying in hospital with him Plan ;- continues O2 therapy and observe .2) patient name ;- Simon Green Age ;- 15 month boy brought from emergency after several seizures vomiting periodically not pass urine several hours awake and lethargic PLAN;- observation fluid and review to morrow .3)patient name ;- Alla jones age ;- 5years old girl diagnosis ;- exacerbations asthma heart rate ;- 148/min Respiration ;- 40/m spo2 ;- 95% with 6l of 02 by hudson mask moderate respiratory distress and audible wheeze . she is receiving salbutamol in every 20 min medical review in 1 hours she has got history of head injury .4) patient name ;- Alex Baka age ;-12 yers girl diagnosis ;- suspected appendix earlier today Mild and moderate abdominal pain and low grade fever observation ; heart rate ;- 120/min temperature ;- 37.9;c BP ;- 96/58 mmhg seen by surgical team PLan ;- continue observation currently she is in NPO Answer: Nursing priorities Nursing priorities for Antonio Valencia, a 4month old boy includes: deficit in fluid volume and ineffective clearance of airway. Nursing priorities for Simon Green, a 15th month old boy: prevent seizure activity and maintain respiratory function. Nursing priorities for Alla Jones, a 5years old girl: ineffective pattern of breathing and ineffective airway clearance. Nursing priorities for Alex Baka, a 12years old girl: acute pain and possibility of poor fluid volume. 1st Case Rationales Deficit in fluid volume Associated risk factors: immense loss of fluid (mouth breathing, fever, profuse diaphoresis, vomiting) and reduced oral intake Expected outcome: demonstration of fluid balance supported by clammy mucous membrane, improved skin turgor, steady vital signs and rapid refill of the capillaries Increased temperature and extended fever raises fluid loss and metabolic rate through evaporation. Heart rate increases and elevating tachycardia may specify systematic deficit of fluid (Judd, 2008). Indirect signs of fluid volume adequacy, though mucous membranes of oral region may get dry due to supplemental oxygen and mouth breathing. Presence of the symptoms reduce oral intake Gives instruction regarding fluid volume adequacy and replacement requirements Ineffective clearance of airway Associated risk factors: fatigue, decreased energy, edema formation, raised production of sputum and bronchial inflammation. Evidence by: rate alterations, respirations depth, abnormal sound of breathing, accessory muscle ulitization, cyanosis, dyspnea, ineffective or effective cough along with or without production of sputum. Expected outcome: show behaviors to accomplish clearance of airway and display clear breathing sounds and absence of cyanosis and dyspnea. Shallow respirations, tachypnea and uneven movement of chest are present due to uneasiness of movement of chest wall and fluid inside lungs (da Silva et al., 2008). Reduced flow of air takes place in the areas with accumulated fluid. Breathing sounds can generate in these areas. Crackles and wheezes can be heard during breathing because of fluid accumulation, airway spasms, obstruction and thick secretions. Nursing interventions for fluid volume deficit Evaluation of the alteration of vital indications, for example: prolonged fever, elevated heart rate, increasing temperature, trachycardia, prolonged fever. Assessment of the wetness of mucous membrane and skin turgor. Investigation reports of vomiting and nausea. Monitor output and intake, urine character and color. Calculation of fluid balance. Focus on insensible loss and weigh as recommended. Nursing interventions for inefficient airway clearance Evaluation of respiration depth and rare and movement of chest. Auscultation of lungs, making a note of absent airflow or reduced airflow and wheezes. Developmental nursing care includes weight gain and easing the feeding difficulties. This child should receive adequate hydration and nutrition to support positive weight gain. 2nd Case Rationales Prevent seizure activity Minimize chances of injury during seizures, when patient is placed in bed. Patient can feel restless and should be ambulated, thus unintentionally moving patient from secure set up and trouble-free observation (Ashley, 2011). Maintain respiratory function Reduced the possibility of aspiration or lodging of foreign bodies inside pharynx. Helps draining secretions and prevents the tongue from hampering airway (Schmlzer, 2012). Nursing interventions for prevention of seizure activity Use side rails with bed in low position, keep bed up next to wall and if rails are not available floor need to be cushioned. Maintain strict bed rest if aura experienced and illustrate the significance for the actions. Nursing interventions for maintaining respiratory function Make sure patient to clear mouth if aura takes place and avoid sucking lozenges in case of seizures. Maintain straight lying position of the patient, flat surface and side turn of head during seizure. Developmental nursing care includes understanding the psychosocial needs of this child. Hospitalization may restrict the childs independence and regular routine. A developmental nursing care, for example: loss of control could be a nursing strategy that allows Simon Green to choose when to play and what foods to have. 3rd Case Rationales Ineffective breathing pattern Rise in the rate of respiration can worsen patients condition To minimize breathing difficulty To increase expectoration effort Ineffective airway clearance Systemic hydration maintains moist secretion and easy expectoration Techniques improve ventilation, secretion mobilization with no fatigue and breathlessness (Urso, 2014). Bronchial irritants give rise to bronchoconstriction and raised production of mucus that interferes with the clearance of airway. Nursing interventions for ineffective breathing pattern Record and monitor vital signs. Elevated bed head and alter the patient position in every 2hours (Busse, 2004). Encourage coughing exercise and deep breathing. Nursing interventions for ineffective airway clearance Keep patient properly hydrated Encourage and teach application of couching exercise ad diaphragmatic breathing Instruct patient to become cautious from bronchial irritants like: fumes, extreme temperatures. It is said to be the middle stage for preschoolers and school age. This is the case of a 5years old girl, who is suffering from Asthma. So, nursing plan should include training of proper inhaler management, along with toilet training that supports their self-esteem. 4th Case Rationales Acute pain Helpful in evaluating medication effectiveness and healing progression; alteration in characteristic features associated with pain indicates abscess development or peritonitis, which require rapid medical intervention and evaluation. Poor fluid volume Differences help pointing out varying intravascular volumes. Indicators of cellular hydration and peripheral circulation adequacy. Nursing interventions for acute pain Evaluate pain, recording characteristic features, location and severity by using pain rating scale. Examine and report alterations in pain. Nursing interventions for poor fluid volume Monitor pulse and blood pulse (Wasnik et al., 2015). Examine mucous membranes, assess capillary refill and skin turgor. Developmental nursing care should include knowledge enhancement. This means a 12 years child will be much interested to understand his/her condition. So, in this case, nurse might inform her about her health condition as a visual presentation and definitely inform her that she will become physically fit soon and can play like children if she follows prescribed medications and rules properly. References Ashley, M. (2011).Seizures. Leicester: Matador. Busse, W. (2004). Management of asthma exacerbations.Thorax, 59(7), pp.545-546. da Silva, V., de Oliveira Lopes, M., de Araujo, T., Ciol, M. and de Carvalho, E. (2008). Clinical indicators of ineffective airway clearance in children with congenital heart disease.Journal of Clinical Nursing. Judd, S. (2008).Respiratory disorders sourcebook. Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics. Schmlzer, G. (2012). Respiratory function monitor guidance during respiratory support in the delivery room.Resuscitation, 83, p.e82. Urso, D. (2014). Acute asthma exacerbations: an overview.RHC, 5(3). Wasnik, N., Agrawal, V., Yede, J., Gupta, A. and Soitkar, S. (2015). Role of supplemental oxygen in reducing surgical site infection in acute appendicities: Our experience of sixty four cases.International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research, 6(2), p.124.

How Does Achebe Depict Ibo Culture in ‘Things Fall Apart’ free essay sample

How does Achebe depict Ibo culture in ‘Things Fall Apart’? Chinua Achebe’s, Things Fall Apart, is a story of a traditional village in Nigeria from inside Umuofia around the late 1800s. This novel depicts late African history and shows how the British administrative structure, in the form of the European Anglican Church, imposed its religion and trappings on the cultures of Africa, which they believed was uncivilized. This missionary zeal subjugated large native populations. Consequently, the native traditions gradually disappeared and in time the whole local social structure within which the indigenous people had lived successfully for centuries was destroyed. Achebe spends the first half of the novel depicting the Ibo culture, by itself, in both a sophisticated and primitive light describing and discussing its grandeur, showing its strengths and weaknesses, etiquettes and incivilities, and even the beginning of cultural breakdown before the introduction of the missionaries. The collapse of the old culture is evident soon after the missionaries arrived, and here Achebe utilises two of the primary missionary figures, Mr. We will write a custom essay sample on How Does Achebe Depict Ibo Culture in ‘Things Fall Apart’? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Brown and Mr. Smith, to once again depicts both sides of the Ibo culture between them, with Mr. Brown depicting the sophisticated and Mr. Smith depicting the primitive aspects. The main focus in this novel is on one man, Okonkwo, the protagonist who symbolises the many Nigerians, or Africans who were struggling against the white missionaries, who brought their religion and policies and imposed them on Okonkwo’s and the other surrounding tribes. Achebe also shows how great the effect is when something as seemingly un-invasive, such as a church, is set up in a Nigerian or African Culture. Among other issues, Achebe illustrates clearly the way the white Europeans see things from their cultures perspective. An example of this is shown when the District Commissioner describes the Ibo as people from â€Å" Primitive Tribes of the Lower Niger. † Achebe starts off the novel portraying the Ibo culture as organised, with complex laws and customs, established over time which held the communities together. Even though the Ibo are described as ‘primitive and savage’ by Mr. Smith, one of the missionary church leaders, the tribesmen evidently show their etiquette through their mannerisms. Proverbs, a form of Ibo mannerisms, are used quite frequently throughout this novel as ‘the art of conversation is regarded very highly [by the Ibo], and proverbs are the palm-oil with which words are eaten. ’ (Achebe. P. 5:1986) The Ibo people are also not as violent and savage as many of the missionaries believed. This is shown when a villager from the Mbaino village kills a woman from the Ibo village, the Ibo village elders and those with titles, instead of initiating war against the neighbouring Mbaino, reach a peaceful agreement on the reparations from the Mbaino tribe. ‘†¦ [A]t the end it was decided to follow the normal course of action. An ultimatum was immediately dispatched to Mbaino asking them to choose between wars on the one hand, and on the other the offer of a young man and a virgin as compensation. † (P. ) Achebe also expands on the reflection of the Ibo peoples of being civil, depicting the civilised aspects of the Ibo religion. Another example similar to the peaceful reparation, previously mentioned, is the week of peace before the beginning of the harvest season, required of the Ibo villages. This was a sacred time for the Ibo people. Before anyone was allowed to plant their crops, it was required that they live in peace with their neighbours for one week to honour Ani, the great goddess of the earth. It was said that if this peace is broken then they will not receive a blessing from Ani and their crops will not grow. Achebe demonstrates how important this week was to the Ibo people through Okonkwo’s breaking of this law, by beating his wife Ojiugo, with the priest of the earth goddess, Ezeani, stating that â€Å"The evil [Ojiugo has] done can ruin the whole clan. † (P. 22) It was also a shocking moment for Ibo people when they heard of Okonkwo’s nso-ani, (breaking of the peace) during this week, because â€Å"it was the first time for many years that a man had broken the sacred peace. (P. 22) Reference to these examples by Achebe displays his attitude towards the Ibo culture which, up until this point, has been relatively positive, depicting the Ibo culture as a civilised and sophisticated one. There are passages in this novel, however, that implies a more critical attitude on Achebe’s part. Despite the sophisticated aspects of the Ibo tribe, they sti ll perform parts of their system of belief which are considered uncivilised and primitive. However, these measures can be considered a way of dealing with difficult or unpleasant circumstances. One example Achebe uses to depict the injustices in Ibo culture, is where it was believed that a child who died and return to its mother to be reborn again, several times, was the work of an evil spirit or an ogbanje child. If this occurs then a ‘medicine-man’ would â€Å" bring out a sharp razor from the goatskin bag slung from his left shoulder and mutilate the child. † (P. 56) It was assumed that in doing this that the ogbanje child â€Å"†¦would think twice before coming again. † (P. 57) Twins, like an ogbanje child, were also greatly feared and were â€Å"thrown away† (P. 9) at birth. Both of these examples show how the Ibo tribe rely on their primitive systems of belief to deal with incomprehensible circumstances. Nearer the end of the novel, Achebe finalises and concludes the two differing depictions of the Ibo culture through the use of two of the Anglican churches missionary leaders, Mr. Brown and Reverend James Smith. These two leaders , between themselves, depict the two different aspects of Ibo culture after the missionaries arrived. Firstly the examples involving Mr. Brown, the first church leader, shows the various benefits and advancements that the introduction of the missionaries brought to the Ibo people and their culture. Although he doesn’t achieve his original goal of converting as many of the tribesmen as possible, Mr. Brown does succeed in starting educational and health systems to the benefit of the Ibo people. Occasionally in the novel he starts arguing with some of the villages, but through this he learns much about the sophisticated structure and beliefs of the Ibo culture. Mr. Brown sees Achebe’s original depiction of the Ibo as a developed society and soon becomes more concerned for the people of Umuofia’s needs (Okonkwo’s village) than for his own goals. A good example of this was when he warns the villages of the threats they face from the white man by preaching to the villagers that â€Å"if Umuofia failed to send her children to the school, strangers would come from other places to rule them†. (P. 130) Achebe’s second depiction of the Ibo culture is portrayed by Mr. Smith, who in contrast to Mr. Brown, acknowledges and depicts the primitive aspect of Ibo culture. Mr. Smith’s aim also contrasts with Mr. Brown’s, believing in converting only those who are worthy of god. He was also more openly opposed to the perceived primitive spiritual beliefs and methods of the Ibo people as they seemed barbaric to him. Both Mr. Smith and the District Commissioner only noticed the extreme uncivilised acts, such as the mutilation of an ogbanje child, which â€Å" filled them with wrath † (P. 132) Therefore the depiction that the Ibo were primitive and savage was again replayed through these characters. Mr. Smith additionally displays the negative effect the missionaries had on the Ibo people. An example of this can be seen in Mr. Smiths lack of appreciation for Ibo cultures pre-existing structure and beliefs and led him to cause trouble within the village, by hiding Enoch who had killed an â€Å"ancestral spirit† (P. 134) drawing the anger of the other tribesmen. In Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, a dual depiction of the Ibo culture is displayed. Firstly Achebe describes the Ibo culture, prior to the missionaries, as sophisticated by noting examples where civilities were conducted and observed by members of the tribe. Achebe additionally used the Ibo religion and culture as supporting examples of this depiction and portrays them throughout the novel. The Ibo culture is also depicted as primitive and unjust by Achebe. This is noted in the primitive aspects of the Ibo people’s system of belief which appears uncivilised and unjust. These examples of the Ibo culture are then combined with and redisplayed by the other primary method that Achebe uses to depict the dual aspects of Ibo culture, the two missionaries figures. Firstly Mr. Brown is utilised in a way that acknowledges the sophisticated structure and beliefs of the Ibo culture and improvement brought to the Ibo people through the missionaries involvement in the village. Alternatively Mr. Smith is only utilised in a way that only notices the extreme uncivilised acts committed by the Ibo people, and escalating rift between them and the missionaries. Bibliography Achebe, C. 1986. All Things Fall Apart. Heinemann Educational Publishers. Oxford.

Facts and Figures About Pikaia

Facts and Figures About Pikaia During the Cambrian period, over 500 million years ago, an evolutionary explosion took place, but most of the new life forms were strange-looking invertebrates  (mostly weirdly legged and antennaed crustaceans like Anomalocaris and Wiwaxia)  rather than creatures with spinal cords. One of the crucial exceptions was the slender, lancelet-like Pikaia, visually the least impressive of the three early fishlike creatures that have been found preserved from this span in the geologic record (the other two are the equally important Haikouichthys and Myllokunmingia, discovered in eastern Asia). Not Quite a Fish Its stretching things a bit to describe Pikaia as a prehistoric fish; rather, this inoffensive, two-inch-long, translucent creature may have been the first true chordate: an animal with a notochord nerve running down the length of its back, rather than a protective backbone, which was a later evolutionary development. But Pikaia did possess the basic body plan that stamped itself on the next 500 million years of vertebrate evolution: a head distinct from its tail, bilateral symmetry (i.e., the left side of its body matched up with the right side), and two forward-facing eyes, among other features. Chordate Versus Invertebrate However, not everyone agrees that Pikaia was a chordate rather than an invertebrate; theres evidence that this creature had two tentacles jutting out from its head, and some of its other characteristics (such as tiny feet that may have been gill appendages) fit awkwardly in the vertebrate family tree. However you interpret these anatomical features, though, its still likely that Pikaia lay very near the root of vertebrate evolution; if it wasnt the great-great (multiply by a trillion) grandmother of modern humans, it was certainly related somehow, albeit distantly. You may be surprised to learn that some fish alive today can be considered every bit as primitive as Pikaia, an object lesson in how evolution is not a strictly linear process. For example, the tiny, narrow lancelet Branchiostoma is technically a chordate, rather than a vertebrate, and clearly hasnt advanced very far from its Cambrian predecessors. The explanation for this is that, over the billions of years that life has existed on earth, only a tiny percentage of any given species population has actually been given the opportunity to evolve; thats the reason the world is still chock-full of bacteria, fish, and small, furry mammals.

Risk Management Processes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Risk Management Processes - Essay Example Risk has been known to be unavoidable; as a result, every individual and organisation needs to ensure that they manage risk to a level which is tolerable or acceptable depending on its â€Å"risk appetite†. Resources available for managing risk are finite. Therefore, individuals, entities and organizations should strive to achieve an optimum response to risk, prioritised according to an evaluation of the risks. Risk Management There has been various definition of risk management. Eppler and Aeschimann (2008) defined risk management as ‘an effective method that is critical in minimizing hurting effects of risks and optimizing the benefits of risky situations’. Risk management can be deduced to mean taking measures that are defined and should be able to reduce the potential risky results of specific action in various socio-political and economic climates. Identifying, analyzing, minimizing and monitoring risk is the very essence of risk management. Risk management i s the process of helping organisations and managers make the best use of resources available to them given unpredictable situations. When organisations apply risk management, they address systematically the risks that face their events and processes. The ultimate goal of managing risks is to achieve augmented benefit across portfolio of their activities (IRM, 2002). Risk management process entails activities aimed at assessing risk, and engaging in activities that help reduce risk to levels that are acceptable and able to maintain the level of risk. Eventually, an organisation would ensure that risks are analyzed in relation to existing potential benefits, putting into consideration existing alternatives, and, finally, implementing the best course of action according to management goals. Risk management involves the process of risk analysis that studies people’s interactions and various risks in relation to their surroundings. It is believed that humans are responsible for cr eating risks while at the same time bearing its burdens or at the same time assume both roles in their quest of trying to reduce personal risks. In any organisation, risk analyses that are effective should be able to involve all relevant fields including social science, natural science and engineering (Fischhoff, 2005). Risk management is known to be different in many organisations depending on its size, type, outcomes, the purpose of their existence and the role they play especially in delivering goods or services. Organisations that exist in the private sector main purpose is mainly directed towards enhancement of shareholder value; at the same time organisations in the public sector main objective is to deliver services for the benefit of the public. Whatever the type and purpose of the organisation, achieving and delivering their objectives is surrounded by uncertainty that would bring about threats to success at the same time provide opportunities for increasing success. Risk m anagement consists of the process of analyzing and interpreting risk, at the same time, it also involves the process of identifying and analysing details and level of formation of systems. The subject also includes the process of collecting and analyzing data on different component of risk and finally, interpreting the Risk Assessment output. In risk management, risk mitigation involves the selection and implementation of security controls to reduce

Federalism Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Federalism - Term Paper Example Federalism in the US has evolved in the course of the nation’s history from Dual Federalism between 1789 and 1945 after WWII, to Cooperative Federalism between 1945 and 1969 and finally New Federalism from 1969 to present (Robertson, 2012). However, there were also some changes to federalism between Dual Federalism and Cooperative Federalism, especially those occasioned by the 1861-1868 Civil War followed by the Fourteenth Amendment. Then industrialization and globalization that set in between 1865 and 1945, which culminated in the federal government taking over power from state governments when Franklin Roosevelt’s presidency made efforts to revive the economy after the Great Depression. The nation’s first 150 years were described by Dual Federalism, where the Constitution provided for state and national governments. The national government presided over national defense, fostering commerce and foreign policy. On the other hand, state governments dealt with crim inal law, economic regulation and local issues. Each having a distinct area of jurisdiction, the two governments rarely overlapped. Cooperative Federalism marked the intertwining of state and federal authority, where it became difficult to demarcate the beginning and end of the authority of each type of government because they both administered numerous federal programs simultaneously. However, in order to finance their own programs and initiatives, states heavily relied on the federal government for funds.

Making monstor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Making monstor - Essay Example In the book Monsters of Our Own Making: The Peculiar Pleasures of Fear by Marina Warner is divided into three chapters. The first section, â€Å"Scaring† discusses the monster in this book which is the bogeyman. The chapter looks at the question â€Å"who eats and who gets eaten† the author uses this to explore the characters of monsters. Warner also explores fear that is brought about by the world. The monster in this chapter is Erlking also regarded as the King of the Alders who woos a boy riding with his father in the dark forest. The boy recognizes the danger facing him but his father does not see any form of danger. He uses every trick to attract the boy. The story end up with the death of the boy when they reached home. Erlking is the monster in this book because he is being persistent to get what he wants, in this case, something that will cause harm to the other person. The Erlking keeps requesting the boy to go with him with his words keeping on deepening each time (Warner, pg. 23). The Erlking even uses false promises that the daughters will be the boy’s lovely attendant with the aim of getting the boy. He eventually gets impatient and indicates that if the boy is not willing, he will use force. He finally seizes the boy. The deep voice also indicates that the creature is not natural and that it has supernatural powers. This Erlking is regarded as a monster because it instills fear on people. Forcefully taking a boy or boys who are moving through the forest is an act of spreading fear among people throughout the region. This character brings the aspect of death because a reader assumes that people taken face death which brings fear to all young people. It also brings fear among parents who face the tragedy of losing their children to the Erlking. He is a cold blooded creature that every person fears (Asma). Erlking is monstrous because he possesses the power to